Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder with Nose to Brain Drug Delivery of Natural Drugs, a mini review

Binfen Shi; Ehsan Amiri Ardekani; Wenqin Guo; Jianli Gao

Authors

Binfen Shi The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China Author
Ehsan Amiri Ardekani Department of Phytopharmaceutical (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Author
Wenqin Guo School of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311499, China Author
Jianli Gao School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China Author

Keywords:

Jianpi Yifei Decoction, Nikethamide, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Respiratory failure

Abstract

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the common mental disorders. Natural drugs often have the advantages of abundant resources, good efficacy and low side effects, which can be used as potential drugs for multi-targeted treatment of GAD. Nose to brain drug delivery (NBDD) enables natural drugs to target the central nervous system through the nasal cavity and bypass the blood-brain barrier to reach the brain directly. Substantial experimental studies confirmed that NBDD can go through intracellular and extracellular pathways, and then reach the brain and spinal cord through the olfactory nerve and trigeminal nerve to exert a synergistic therapeutic effect. This paper reviews the literature and clinical application studies concerning NBDD of natural drug at home and abroad, and analyzes the research progress of NBDD treatment mode for GAD as well as its advantages over oral drugs from the perspectives of applications, action mechanism, characteristics, etc. It further illuminates the problems and deficiencies that still exist in NBDD, as well as the methods and directions of formulation optimization, in order to provide a reference for the research and development of brain-targeted NBDD systems targeting GAD, further develop potential natural drugs for the treatment of GAD, provide natural, safe and innovative alternative therapies for GAD, and new ideas for the improvement of nasal preparation.

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